Syria’s New Constitutional Declaration: A Blend of Islamic Law and Inclusive Governance
Introduction
The Syrian interim president, Ahmed al-Sharaa, has promised to lead the country in an inclusive manner. To achieve this, he has issued a constitutional declaration that guarantees women’s rights and freedom of expression during a five-year transitional period.
Key Provisions of the Declaration
The declaration is designed to serve as the foundation for the interim period led by President al-Sharaa, a Sunni Islamist who spearheaded a lightning offensive that toppled Bashar al-Assad from power in December. Islamic jurisprudence will be "the main source" of legislation, according to the summary read out during the signing ceremony. This is a significant departure from the previous constitution, which referred to Islamic law as "a main source" of legislation.
The declaration also guarantees women’s "right to education and participation in work, and guaranteed them political rights" and provides "for freedom of opinion, expression, media, publication and the press", according to the summary.
Challenges Ahead
Sharaa has been grappling with the biggest test of his leadership in the wake of a wave of sectarian killing in the coastal region, blamed on fighters aligned with his government. He appointed the committee to draft the declaration less than two weeks ago.
Timeline for Presidential Election
Sharaa has said that it would take four to five years to hold a presidential election. This timeline suggests that the country will be led by an interim government for the foreseeable future.
Conclusion
The Syrian constitutional declaration is a significant step towards rebuilding the country. By incorporating Islamic law as the main source of legislation, the declaration is likely to appeal to many in the country. However, the declaration also guarantees women’s rights and freedom of expression, which could be a challenge to implement in a country with a history of authoritarian rule.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the key provision of the constitutional declaration?
- Islamic law will be the main source of legislation.
- What are the rights guaranteed to women in the declaration?
- Women’s right to education and participation in work, and guaranteed political rights.
- What is the timeline for holding a presidential election?
- It is expected to take four to five years.